درس التمني في الحاضر و الماضي
Wishes: Present and Past Wishes
التمني
في الحاضر (present
wishes)
هو أن تتمنى عكس الحالة التي توجد فيها في الوقت الحاضر. مثلا:
Present Wishes | التمني في الحاضر |
||
Reality
| الواقع |
Wishing | التمني |
|
I don't
have enough money. |
I wish I had enough
money |
|
ليس
لدي ما يكفي من المال |
أتمنى
لو لدي ما يكفي من المال |
|
I work on Sunday. |
If only I didn't
work on Sunday |
|
أعمل
في يوم الأحد |
أتمنى
لو لم أعمل في يوم الأحد |
إنطلاقا من هذه الأمثلة، لاحظ أن الفعل في
الحالة الواقعية يكون في زمن الحاضر (simple present) و عندما نعبر عن التمني يتحول الفعل إلى
زمن الماضي (simple
past).
و في نفس الوقت يتحول الفعل من (negative form) إلى (affirmative form) و العكس لأننا دائما نتمنى عكس الحالة
الواقعية.
وقاعدة التمني في الحاضر هي:
I wish / If only
+ Subject + verb in simple past.
Past Wishes | التمني في الماضي
التمني في الماضي (past wishes) هو مثل التعبير عن الندم (regret) حول شيء فعلته في الماضي أو لم تفعله في
الماضي من طبيعة الحال. مثلا:
Past Wishes | التمني في الماضي |
||
Reality
| الواقع |
Wishing
| التمني |
|
I didn't
revise my lessons. |
I wish I had revised my
lessons |
|
لم
أراجع دروسي جيدا |
تمنيت
لو راجعت دروسي جيدا |
|
I made a very big mistake last year. |
If only I had
not made a very big mistake last year. |
|
إرتكبت
خطأ كبيرا في السنة الماضية |
تمنيت
لو لم أرتكب خطأ كبيرا في السنة الماضية |
إنطلاقا من هذه الأمثلة، لاحظ جيدا أن الفعل
يكون في زمن الماضي (simple past)
لأننا نتحدث عن الماضي. و عندما نعبر عن التمني في الماضي (past wishes) و هو عبارة عن الندم (regret) في الحقيقة، يتحول الفعل من زمن الماضي (simple past) إلى زمن الماضي التام (past perfect). و دائما (negative form) يتحول إلى (affirmative form) و العكس، لأننا نتمنى عكس الحالة الواقعية
من طبيعة الحال.
وقاعدة التمني في الماضي هي:
I wish / If only
+ Subject + verb in past perfect.
Examples:
🔴I didn't revise my lessons last year.
➡️I wish I had revised my lessons last year.
🔴I didn't come to school and I missed the exam.
➡️If only I had come to school.
🔴I wasted so much time chatting n Facebook.
➡️I wish I had not wasted so much time chatting on Facebook.
🔴I played football and broke my leg.
➡️If only I had not played football.
Present and Past Wishes Exercises
Choose the correct verb
from the list given.
تلاحظ الفعل أولا، إن كان الفعل في زمن (simple present) تحوله إلى زمن (simple past) و إن كان الفعل في زمن (simple past) تحوله إلى زمن (past perfect) و دائما (positive form) يتحول إلى (negative form) و (negative form) يتحول إلى (positive form).
🔴 |
I am so
tired today. I can't do anything. |
➡️ |
I wish
I d tired
today. |
🔴 |
It's a
pity, I work more than eight hours. |
➡️ |
I wish
I more
than eight hours. |
🔴 |
My girlfriend
ignored me for a very long time. |
➡️ |
If only my
girlfriend me
for a very long time. |
🔴 |
Oh God! I
did not answer all my exam questions. |
➡️ |
I wish
I all
my exam questions. |
🔴 |
I spend
all my time cleaning and orgnzing my room. |
➡️ |
I wish
I all
my time cleaning and orgnzing my room. |
🔴 |
I don't
see my friends so often. I feel so lonely. |
➡️ |
If only
I my
friends so often. |
🔴 |
I didnt
get a good job with a high salary. |
➡️ |
I wish
I a
good job with a high salary. |
🔴 |
The boss
fired me last year and I am jobless now. |
➡️ |
If only
the boss me
last year. |
🔴 |
I dont
know how to use Facebook. |
➡️ |
I wish
I how
to use Facebook. |
🔴 |
I dont
understand English language. |
➡️ |
I wish
I English
language. |
🔴 |
I dont
enjoy my job in this company anymore. |
➡️ |
I wish
I my
job. |
🔴 |
I lived in
a very small house with my parents. |
➡️ |
I wish
I in
a very small house with my parents. |
🔴 |
I didnt
have a good education when I was young. |
➡️ |
I wish
I a
good education when I was young. |
🔴 |
I didnt
complete my high education. |
➡️ |
I wish
I my
higher education. |
🔴 |
I dont
have a very big house to invite all my friends. |
➡️ |
I wish
I a
very big house to invite all my friends. |
🔴 |
I am very
poor.I cant buy this house now. |
➡️ |
I wish
I very
poor. |
2. did not work
3. had not ignored
4. had answered
5. did not spend
6. saw
7. had got
8. had not fired
9. knew
10. understood
11. enjoyed
12. had not lived
13. had had
14. had completed
15. had
16. was not
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